frames8. Final considerations

 

 


Among the consequences resulting from the acceptance of this new electromagnetic theory some have already been discussed. Countless others will appear with its development. Nonetheless, it would be interesting —before we stop— to comment on a few things concerning the x and b fields.

In the first place it is important to emphasize that x and b are isodimensional and —although they physically look like the fields of Maxwell’s theory— represent different variables. In particular —and as we have already mentioned— x e b are fields acting upon electrons (protons) while the classic fields act upon populations of electrons (protons) that assemble in space in a very extravagant and special structure. It elapses from these differences that in certain places where classic fields are null the electrons behave as if submitted to a force field we can classify as inexplicable; for example, the electromagnetic field of a solenoid that induces in its interior a change in the pattern of interference of the electrons. Something similar happens inside an electrically loaded conductor and, therefore, where E = 0. The theory now being presented foresees that under these conditions an electron —provided that we know the conditions of its entrance in the field— will describe a non-classic and non-inertial trajectory but also foreseeable without any aid from quantum logic.

We are now going to mention something concerning a few interesting aspects related to the field of b magnetic effects. In the first place, the reader should find it odd that an electron at rest should generate a field of magnetic effects. This is based on developed logic; and there are no reported experiments to contradict this theoretical expectation. What does exist in the observation that the effect of a B magnetic field upon an electron depends on the speed of this electron in relationship to a convenient reference system. This dependence appears under two different circumstances: 1) in the characterization of the B magnetic field; and 2) in Lorentz’s force equation. In both cases the dependence is lineal, and the considered speed is the same. Let us now see how to solve this apparent contradiction.

When entering an electromagnetic field of the (x=0, b) kind —with constant b and an initial speed v, perpendicular to the lines of the b field— an electron acquires a helicoidal and uniform movement with an R radius. Consequently we have:

Equação 8a

in which m is the inertial mass of the electron.

Equaling the expression for F —obtained above— with the one obtained in item 6.2 (equation 6.7), we have:

Equação 8b

Two conclusions arise from this equality:

  1. the first one is connected to the orientation of the electron in a b field; if we think of the v vector as a spin, we can say that this spin is conducted in this field according to the trajectory of the electron; the responsible for this orientation is the t induction field;
  2. The K2 constant actually is a variable dependent on the speed of the electron: [K2 = f(vn2) = Kmevn2]. vn is the component of v in the perpendicular direction to b (for the described case vn = v). Km is the constant that correlates cause magnetic effect; and e is a convenient constant, equal to -1 for electrons and +1 for protons.

As a consequence, the effect equation (6.7) can be expressed by

F = KeexÄv + Kmevn²b×v

in which Ke is the constant that correlates cause to electric effect. This equation corresponds to Lorentz’s equation, being valid for an electron (proton).

Finally we will make some comments concerning the physical-mathematical nature of the effect fields. We have already mentioned the fact that the x and b fields are not Gaussian. If we pay attention to the electric action and reaction between two electrons (represented in Figure 10), we will also notice that the x field is not Newtonian, something that also happens with the b field. In terms of force and concerning exclusively two electrons, we cannot speak of equality between action and reaction. Nevertheless, it is important to notice that this —by itself— does not go against Newtonian mechanics. Under dynamic conditions —as it is the case in Figure 10— action and reaction are not always translated exclusively into forces: an electron also modifies the field of another electron, and this modification spreads under the form of non-stationary e.m.i. or, to use classic language, under the form of radiant energy. A reaction also corresponds to this action, which should also be asymmetric. The asymmetries (forces and emission of energy) must be of such an equivalent order that they are compensated through the lineal and angular momentum conservation.

As a final message, I transcribe something I exposed in the foreword to my original edition: "When writing this theory I tried to propose a collaboration so that we could go back to the time when physics was an intelligible science. In search for this ideal, Schrödinger, DeBroglie, Dirac, Einstein and so many other gave us their lives. Let us know how to use the trail bequeathed to us by these wise masters."

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